five main Elements Short policy statement

my last article ended by defining the policy as “a beacon that identifies the goals, deadlines to achieve the goal, the context in which the target and the company’s unique approach to ensuring its success. “Let’s look at five key elements of this definition:

1. Note that the word” goal “is singular. The plan is to focus the entire organization around one focus. Do one thing and do it extremely well. Sharp policy cuts as well honed knife; policy with multiple goals cuts like marshmallow.

2. Stating time frame is important. It provides the impetus and encouragement. Along with clearly stated objectives, time frame will be the first of the key performance indicators that are necessary to ensure the successful implementation of the strategy.

3. The context describes the specific competitive arena in which the company operates. Be clear on this. Do not just say ‘We’re going to grow 10 restaurant chain by 2012 “. Say “We’re going to grow a chain of 10 family-oriented, Sit down, full-service Italian restaurants in Southern Oregon in 2012”.

4. The most important part of the strategy is to identify what makes you different from your competitors. Why would someone choose to eat in the Italian restaurant phone rather than the one next door? Is it food? Location? Physical design? The live Italian music? It must be unique and it must be something that competitors can not replicate.

5. Finally, the policy is a “beacon”. Once a policy has been created and it needs to be simply and circulated widely within the company to reach its full potential. One of the best ways to do this is to reduce the policy to a single sentence.

put it into practice

With this in mind, here is another example of one-sentence policy statement

Acme will improve 35,000 net new customers December 31, 2014 by offering premium, web-based, price comparison software to mid-sized, English-speaking North American commercial construction companies that use “high touch” sales and service approach.

Can you achieve the objective, time frame and context? How about Acme have secured the uniqueness of their approach?

Short Policy Statements Put Activities

condensing strategy in one sentence means that it can now be easily communicated to everyone in their company. This immediately gives a framework that helps coordinate all their staff. It saves staff time and energy by pre-empting or easily answer many of the little questions that arise every day:

• “Can I apply European trade shows to see what the market is like them?”
• “We will bundle hardware with our offer?”
• “When will our Spanish version to be ready?”
• “we have to match the price our competitors?”
• “The residential association called. Should I make a presentation for them?”

policy statement they will also have an impact on major decisions, such as hiring, product development, sales and is IT distribution, office development – in fact, every decision can be shaped by this one 35-word sentence.

One sentence policy statement is an incredibly powerful tool that helps coordinate the management of all employees. You can write your company’s strategy in one sentence?

References

I am grateful to David J. Collis and Michael G. Rukstad, authors of “you can say what technology?” published on page 82 of the April 2008 issue of Harvard Business Review .

Copyright © 2010 Alex Glassey

Be it for parties or social networking, business or entertainment, the huge number of people around the world take advantage of the Internet every single day. Of course, not everyone is so with the best motives. In ’09, the money suddenly lost net fragments were over five hundred million, approximately double damages only 2008. Below are some of the typical network crime and tips on how you could protect against a target.

The most common type of online identity fraud is injustice. This occurs when someone creates a website (or sent mass email direct people to their website) in the hope that the victim will provide their personal information, such as bank card data or SSN. The person or organization responsible for the fraud uses the credit card business, or in the case of bank-based cards, drain your account. This could also happen if you have unconsciously a computer virus from a website or e-mail Add-on. You need to be careful before getting any attachments from unfamiliar sites, and find some sort of virus protection on your system. In addition to keeping away from all unsolicited proposals from the business that you do not recognize. This is almost always a false alarm, and found in charge of developing and releasing viruses can get in prison.

Yet another pure crime that could upset a few thousand individuals, even major institutions, is hacking. Cyber ​​criminals use many ways to get hold of passwords and various information so they can change aspects of a web page, send e-mail from the names of anyone else and take your identity.

Based on the intended target of hackers’, this could lead to significant and wide-spread complications. In addition to various other fees and penalties, this could warrant as many as three years in prison, a person planning to hack into a government site or network may be looking at a full 10 years in prison. Replacing passwords is often a good strategy to reduce potential cyber criminals, but now and again this happens regardless of function attempts to secure information.

There are several ways on how one can excuse themselves from certain crime. He is charged with a crime, you must have a highly regarded criminal defense attorney to help him get through the case. Just after the accused looking at, the next step is to think about the defense they will use on the pitch continues to prove his innocence. There are a variety of defenses that they can use. Some of it includes the presumption of innocence, coming alibi, available to self-defense and use insanity as issues.

When the presumption of innocence is used, it is the prosecution that has a bigger task to find evidence and witnesses to prove that the accused committed the crime. In court, the accused person is innocent until they are proven guilty of a crime. When the accused come alibi, it must be al least witnesses or evidence that you are definitely not around when the crime happened. The use of self-defense as an excuse, you have to prove in court that you were able to commit the crime of the need to defend your life because you are at risk. Last defense will be discussed further.

Today, regardless of what place the person is or what part of the world they are, insanity as a legal defense in court is now taken with full seriousness and careful examination. Why is legal insanity used by many people as an excuse for the crime? This is due to the insane person has no ability to think right and law. Insane person does not know law. Insane people do not even think of themselves or others. A person is said to be insane when they have serious mental illnesses. They are totally excused from the crime they have committed when they are proven by certified healthcare professionals.

In cases where the client counsel is legally insane, they must prove in court that the accused person is insane. Several measurements and studies and testimonials can prove that the accused is truly insane. If a person resident in Utah, he had the Utah attorney, Utah criminal defense attorney, Utah criminal defense attorney or lawyer Utah who can help them prove the insanity defense. A UT attorney can gather facts, examination papers and medical records that his client is legally insane.

Over the years, the way how the Court a legal insanity as a defense in court vary from time to time. However, today, almost all went back to the strict definition of legal insanity. The way how the court rules against the insane person before are automatic excused the crime was committed; but now, everything became more stringent. Generally, a person is said to be legally insane when they do not know what is right and what is wrong. This also means that they do not know what is moral and immoral. Although many cases were dismissed because the defendant is legally insane, the defense attorney must prove in court the value of insanity at the time the crime was committed.

In any court proceeding, we can not be held legally insane person is responsible for his actions because, as we have mentioned, they do not know what they are doing at the time the conduct is right or wrong. A legally insane person can not think rationally, in this respect, he is acquitted of the crime. After the case, what usually happens is that an insane person must undergo psychiatric treatment. They are set in a mental asylum. In cases insane man truly committed a crime but is not aware that he or she did it because of insanity, they need to be kept in a mental hospital where they can no longer be a threat to anyone. Again, they can only be cleared once a psychiatrist or psychologist testifies mental illness at the time of offense and a series of tests or psychological evaluation.

On the other hand, the defense temporarily insanity is difficult to defend in court. It will be very difficult for defense counsel to prove that his client is mentally ill at the time the crime was committed. The legal system considers the moral to impose an insane man in medical and psychological treatment regardless if they are proven to commit a crime or not, because of legal insanity as a defense is that has no ability to think properly, they do not know right from wrong, it is ethical or not.

I have written extensively on juvenile delinquency in the past, and one issue that I’ve always wondered is in the bosom of the family and the role it plays in shaping, to limit and prevent offenders with students. A lot of family factors can be identified, and we will go through two or three now.

Firstly, the level of parental supervision is extremely important. In this day and age, more and more parents are working longer hours, with mom also doing her share to keep the bills at bay. This leaves kids with more time at home alone instead of other surveillance as providing baby sitters; not all have the cash to splash on a round-the-clock surveillance for many children after all.

The way parents, in many years, the discipline of a child can make a huge difference too. Some are just more lenient than others and do not reduce smoking around thirteen and so on. This may lead children to keep pushing the boundaries and finally hang out with the wrong crowd and committing illegal acts that require JUVENILE DETENTION and even worse – to be tried as an adult for some cases where they should know right from wrong contract, such as the departed murder.

Criminal parents and siblings, this is a huge impact on the family, especially young men in the house. One before a criminal parent or brother or sister should explain to other household members is that they made the wrong decision and that if they had the opportunity to go back to the eve of the Criminal Code, they would take another turn all knew.

Finally, one of the most powerful weapons in making new criminals abuse or neglect by parents. The quality of the parent-child relationship affects almost every aspect of the boy or girl’s life; of potential criminal offenses to friends they make and keep. In some cases, state intervention is sought where issues have been reported, investigated and found to be true, such as the obvious physical abuse and so on. All it takes is a curious (and care) neighbor to hammer the final nail in the coffin abuse. In the end, it may not work well for parents at first, but relieve the kids of the violence surrounding the most important in the world. As cheesy as it sounds, they are our future!

For more reasons that the family plays a major role in shaping the kids, please see Holmes reports on family influence, which was published in 2001.

For a growing number of companies, implementing smart environmental aids compliance with the law and promotes competitiveness. Gone are the days when the only company concerned environmental laws lethargy manufacturers. Recent developments in both government and private corporate sectors have ushered in a new era of business sustainability, which complies with environmental regulations is to move from recommendation mandate for a wide range of companies. Just as organizations need to develop and enforce policies on administrative, employment and security, many companies and government agencies now need to monitor and report sustainability measurements to ensure compliance with the law. Moreover, many progressive companies are already implementing environmental policies to be competitive, even though it is not yet a legal requirement. The house should be expected to be aware of new requirements for business sustainability and proposals to advise organizations on how to develop policies, avoid responsibility and succeed in the new green economy.

Although 2010 began without a comprehensive US climate law or legally binding international agreement, regulations, and negotiations are ongoing. Despite the failure of the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Denmark in December to produce any binding greenhouse gas (“GHG”) reduction law, nations will continue to work on international climate. In the US, a bi-partisan bill sponsored by Senator John Kerry (D-Mass.) Failed to bring the parties together and eventually get a new climate law passed.

In the meantime, companies can not afford to sit back and wait for the final law in this area, where the new federal Executive Order have EPA regulations, the SEC guidance and private sector programs go into effect that should a number of businesses and institutions. All agencies under these new requirements should be integrated into the organization and take steps to ensure compliance.

I. Executive Order 13514

On October 5, 2009, President Obama signed Executive Order 13514, called the Federal Leadership in environmental, energy and economic performance. This Executive Order requires all federal agencies to file their emissions, set targets to reduce their emissions by 2020, and develop a plan to meet a wide range of goals to improve sustainability, such as increasing energy and water efficiency, waste reduction , reduce fleet petroleum consumption, supporting sustainable communities, developing and maintaining high performance buildings, and leveraging Federal purchasing power to promote environmentally responsible products and technologies.

Other environmental goals in order include a 30% reduction in fleet fuel consumption and a 26% boost in water efficiency by 2020, and 50% recycling and diversion rate in 2015. The 2030 net-zero-energy building requirement should also be implemented under the order. Each institution shall designate a senior sustainability responsible to fulfill the order. Chairman of the Council of the Environment will notify the agency objectives and results directly to the President.

“As the largest consumer of energy in the US economy, the Federal government can and should lead by example when it comes to creating new ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, increase energy efficiency, conserve water, reduce waste , and use environmentally responsible products and technologies, “President Obama said in a statement.

The Executive Order was intended to jumpstart the transition to a clean energy economy that climate change legislation working its way through Congress, saving taxpayers money in the process. The order will have a significant impact given the sheer size of the federal government :. It occupies nearly 500,000 buildings and operates over 600,000 vehicles

Another key component of the Executive Order is green procurement policy requiring 95% of new federal contracts and acquisitions to meet sustainability requirements that promote environmentally friendly products and technologies. It also carries a lot of weight due to huge buyers of government, which exceeds more than $ 500 billion spent on goods and services per year. The Executive Order charges General Services Administration (“GSA”) to explore the feasibility of tracking vendor emissions. Proposals may require manufacturers to register with the voluntary emissions registry and publish their efforts to reduce emissions. Options or other incentives could be given for “products that are produced using methods that reduce greenhouse gas emissions.”

the purchase of electronic products and services, Executive Order requires GSA to ensure that 95% of new functions contract, task orders and delivery orders for products and services (excluding weapons systems) are energy efficient (ENERGY Star® or FEMP specified), water efficient, bio-based, environmentally preferable (Electronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool (EPEAT) certified), not depleting, contain recycled content or are non-toxic or less toxic alternatives, where such products and services meet agency performance.

The GSA announced the end of January 2010 that it had already agreed energy service contracts with 18 companies to reduce consumption of energy audits, monitoring and use of renewable energy.The GSA also took steps to make the federal fleet more efficient with the purchase of thousands of new vehicles last year with $ 210 million in stimulus funds. Approximately 6500 vehicles – a mix of hybrids, flex-fuel four cylinder – earmarked for the US Postal Service, which operates the country’s largest fleet of alternative fuel vehicles.In 2008 GSA estimated its purchase of 15,000 seats of power management software would save all to $ 750,000 a year.

Finally, all federal procurement will incorporate the measurement of greenhouse gas contract claim. The first step, which is part of Executive Order 13514, is the creation of a voluntary greenhouse gas reporting system for government contractors and vendors. Contractors (and subcontractors) the ability to measure and reduce greenhouse gas emissions and providing energy efficient products and services will be an important factor in winning government contracts.

II. SEC Guidance on Climate Change Notes

The US Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) issued an interpretive Release No. 33-9106 February 2, 2010 in order to provide guidance to public companies claim the agency disclosure regarding climate change. The guidelines, which took effect immediately, applies to all public companies.

emissions not create new disclosure requirements or modify existing disclosure requirements, but was released for clarification purposes. Specifically, the guidance covers four areas that may trigger disclosure under applicable SEC rules

(1) whether the impact of proposed or existing climate change regulations in the US and other countries may materially affect the company’s financial condition or operations;

(2) whether international conventions or agreements, climate change will affect its business;

(3) whether the company is likely to face indirect opportunities or risks arising out of the legal, technological, political and scientific climate change (such as changes in demand for the company’s products / services, increased competition, or reputational damage) ; and

(4) whether the company faces potential physical impacts of climate change on their activities (such as disruption of operations due to weather or supply disruption, increased insurance, or water scarcity and quality).

The SEC guidance provides that these climate change information may be required under the description of the company (section 101), litigation (103) Management’s Discussion and Analysis (303), and risk (503 (c)) parts filings of the companies under Regulation SK.

The SEC noted concern that some companies have already been providing climate change on its own initiative to a third party, and it wanted to ensure that similar information was in the SEC filings that may be required under SEC rules . Independent organizations such as the climate change file and Carbon Disclosure Project keep corporate data climate change, but most of the established rules for reporting are the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI). Launched in 1997 with the aim to “improve the quality, rigor and utility of sustainability reporting,” the GRI develops criteria that could eventually serve as the basis for the generally accepted standards of sustainability reporting. From 2008, more than 1,000 companies from more than 60 countries registered with the GRI and were issuing corporate sustainability reports by reporting framework.

The SEC specifically stated in the notes to the guidance that it will be focusing on climate change information in the examination of company filings. As a practical matter, the public company well advised to treat this guidelines binding; if they have not disclosed the risks of climate in the past, they need to start putting disclosure rules for all future filings affected by these measures roadmap.

III. EPA Mandatory Greenhouse Gas Reporting Rule

From 1 January 2010, required EPA rule took effect, which requires that all major GHG emitters monitor and report their emissions data under the new system. The new rule applies to industries or facilities that emit over 25,000 tonnes of carbon dioxide per year, of which there are now about 10,000 US Most emitters need to install new monitoring equipment, or at least to develop new protocols GHG measurement. Recognizing that not all organizations would be able to comply by 1 January 2010, the rule allows them to use their “best available monitoring methods” until 1 April 2010.

concerned parties also need to have written GHG Monitoring Plan, which will deal with the methods used to collect emissions data indicate quality assurance, maintenance and repair procedures for emissions monitoring equipment, and assigned roles for facility staff to collect data. In addition, the rule mandates the implementation of emission control training and documentation procedures in accordance with the record keeping requirements. Although the facilities need not submit plans for monitoring of the EPA that they need to maintain the program at their facility and make it available should EPA request to review it.

This new EPA regulation is just one of many international, state, and regional programs already installed or waits to address the greenhouse gas emissions. While there is still uncertainty about climate change issues and sustainability consistent, it is not a question of whether most companies will eventually be legally required to monitor, report and reduce their greenhouse gas emissions – it’s just a matter of when and how.

IV. Private Sector Sustainability Programs

In the industry, despite the lack of uniform laws and regulations, have in recent years seen a lot of climate change momentum. In October 2009, major companies including Apple, Pacific Gas & Electric and Exelon left the US Chamber of Commerce over its strong position against the US emissions regulations. Microsoft co-founder and chairman Bill Gates has recently been calling for climate change priorities, and advocates a global effort to reduce carbon emissions to zero by 2050 to avoid the adverse effects of climate change.

More companies are now voluntarily launched new efforts to reduce the impact of their heat. Continuous increase in corporate action towards energy efficiency, renewable energy investments, carbon neutrality and technological innovation stands in stark contrast to the stalled political action on climate change.

Perhaps the most important corporate initiatives climate change and sustainability is Walmart, the world’s largest retailer. The company recently put into practice “Walmart Sustainability Index”, which assesses all suppliers worldwide of its Life Cycle analysis and environmental impact of their products. Over 100,000 suppliers are now highly incentivized to increase the sustainability of their efforts to maintain a successful business relationship with Walmart and remain competitive in the marketplace.

Working closely with Environment Defense Fund (“EDF”), Walmart has also committed to reduce 20 million tons of carbon emissions from the lifecycle and supply chain of their products’ at the end of 2015. This is equivalent to the annual emissions from 3.8 million cars -. significant impact

Because of the sheer size, Walmart is in a unique position to cut carbon emissions worldwide. New commitments are bold because

* supply chain Walmart is huge, so these measures will have a broader impact. New Index Walmart encourages suppliers to reduce their emissions – which they might not otherwise do – resulting in positive measures energy efficiency of tens of thousands of companies worldwide.

* Walmart is prioritize products that most carbon emissions over their life span and top-selling products, with a focus on those first.

* The results are immediate, and not subject to any specific government agencies to act, or any specific laws or regulations, which may be appealed or amended.

* In connection with the Sustainability Index and other measures, it clearly communicates a strong message from Walmart to its international network of suppliers that they have to reduce carbon emissions.

Other major international companies are taking aggressive action in the area of ​​sustainability and climate change are Hewlett Packard, IBM, Ikea, Johnson & Johnson, Nike, Intel, Dell and Weyerhaeuser. Given the hundreds of thousands of employees, suppliers and customers around the world, these companies have the ability to be very influential in the development of green business.

Between the federal government with more than half a trillion dollars of its procurement budget, but many companies subject to SEC climate disclosure rules and / or EPA emissions control requirements and private business projects as index Walmart that in practice responsibility wishes to suppliers who strategically sustainable, businesses and organizations of all sizes, across almost all sectors, will soon be faced with the need to increase sustainability efforts.

Moreover, these developments suggest that sustainability goals, the only option will soon be instructed in both the private and public sector. Apart from legal compliance requirements, from the perspective of corporate sustainability development policy now provides a competitive advantage in the market and reduced costs.

V. Developing sustainable compliance program

Companies should therefore carefully assess legal threats and the growth opportunities presented by sustainability initiatives. This assessment must consider the qualitative and quantitative information, both strategic issues and corporate emissions driving climate change related to the identification of risks and opportunities. For example, some of the issues mentioned in SEC guidance, such as legal, technological, political, and scientific, can alter the competitive market by creating a new division or threatening existing ones, thereby triggering the need for disclosure in the management discussion of business and. Analysis

depends on the specific business area organization and operations, companies should consider taking some or all of the following steps, with the goal of sustainability part of the whole culture

* Establish criteria for the environmental performance of the company. This is an important step in establishing goals and developing a comprehensive sustainability program.

* If your company produces or supplies goods evaluate the product life cycle impact. This can be done by completing or outsourcing life cycle analysis (LCA). LCA will be an important tool to help make the necessary changes to the product or service and reduce the environmental impact and overall costs.

* Hire or designate corporate sustainability officer. Federal government agencies are now mandated to fulfill this job, and savvy private companies are doing the same. Please if you appoint a sustainability officer with little knowledge in this area, they should get training or advice from experienced and credible institution (eg, Institute of Green Professionals).

* Establish a cross-functional team to develop sustainable programs for business. Pulling data from benchmark data should be used to assist the team in setting realistic and achievable goals.

* Set first sustainability targets to immediate results such as waste reduction and recycling. This will build momentum for the program and generate savings that can go to a more difficult and long-term projects.

* Providing sustainability training to those who need it in your business as it relates to the specific features of their work.

* disseminate information about sustainability program for shareholders, employees, customers and suppliers.

There are a number of systems available to help companies assess climate change is related risks and opportunities, calculate statistical release of information, inform them of the likelihood of the potential costs of regulation, as well as highlight the potential benefits, such as profits from the sale of carbon credits and opportunities for energy efficiency cost savings. Participation in the voluntary reporting program such as the Climate Registry or Carbon Disclosure Project is one way companies can begin to collect information about their carbon footprint and get a better overview of emissions come in their activities. Companies may also be able to use the information they collect for these programs to assist them to create other products including 10K filings. The Carbon Disclosure Project questionnaire or GRI reporting system, can be used as a framework to start internal evaluation of the operational items creating climate change risks or opportunities.

Companies can expect to see carbon management grow in importance as national and international regulatory activities continued in 2010. In line with this trend, the number of products and services developed to help organizations measure and manage their environmental impact will increase from startup gifts to complex enterprise solutions from industry leaders such as SAP, IBM and Microsoft. Enterprise carbon accounting software and sustainability consulting sales will grow as companies look for accurate, real-time information on the impact of climate.

In addition, companies can get support sustainable compliance by institutions that have been established to share environmental technology and solutions. The Eco-Patent Commons was launched in 2008 by IBM, Nokia, Pitney Bowes and Sony-associated with the World Business Council for Sustainable Development to promote environmental patented public. Its role is to protect the environment and make cooperation between the companies promoting new innovations. There are now 100 eco-friendly patents pledged to the public through this project.

The GreenXchange was created to enable companies to share intellectual property rights for green product design, packaging, production and other uses. Founded by Nike and other companies, the group is a Web-based marketplace where organizations can collaborate and share intellectual property, with the aim to develop new models of sustainability business development and innovation.

Similarly, last year launched the EDF Innovation Exchange to encourage companies to share strategies related to energy, water, climate and a host of other issues. As Eco-Patent Commons and GreenXchange, it hopes to raise awareness of new technologies and best practices. EDF content on innovation houses that it developed over 20 years of experience working with Fortune 500 companies including Walmart, FedEx and McDonalds.

Business advice should familiarize themselves with the new project business sustainability been implemented by many of the world’s largest companies, as well as tools and resources to help companies develop their own environmental policies and procedures. Soon, Legal regular visitor to counsel management on how to deal with current and future statutory business sustainability requirements will not only help businesses avoid responsibility but also to improve their business and reduce environmental impact.

Copyright is a legal tool that provides the author of the work the right to control how the work is used. US Copyright Act is a Federal Law that protects all kinds of works of authors. This includes books, magazines, newspapers and other writings. but can also include music, art, photographs, films / videos, computer software, maps, choreography and architecture.

Owner works Copyright has the right to control how the work is copy, distribute, adapt, and appeared moved. So, if someone were to use a work is copyrighted owner has the right to sue for appropriate compensation for losses.

But … the copyright of the work does not last forever.

Some works are not, and never have been, protected by copyright. For example, the works of Shakespeare. And work P.T. Barnum, the circus entertainer, who gave his autobiography the public. And the copyright of a work expires, the work falls into the public domain. Which means that the work can be freely copied, distributed, adapted, or performed without asking for permission or without paying tariffs.

Copyright law is not that difficult but it is confusing because US Copyright Act has been amended so many times.

How do you find out first if the work is copyrighted?

First you need to make sure whether they were published.

Here is a quick overview until 1978 (the date 1976 Copyright Act)

All works published in the US before 1923 are in the public domain

Works published in the US between 1923 and 1963 may be in the public domain. It is estimated that 85% of all works published between the years have fallen into the public domain.

This sounds incredible but for the Copyright to be valid, the owners had to “renew” the copyright 28 years after publication. As you can imagine, most forgot. And there were many teams of

So, in order to check the copyright of a work had been renewed you either need to hire a specialist company to do the search for you -. Or, perform a search yourself. If you want to perform the search yourself, you have access to the Internet and, when the work was published, required website.

It is interesting to know that if the work was “renewed” 28 .. year after publication, the work would not fall into the public domain for quite some time. This can easily be calculated by first know the date of issue, adding 28 years of renovation, and then a further 47 years (which at the time was the second time of Copyright) and then adding a further 20 years (due to the Sonny Bono Copyright Extension Act). For example, a work published in 1923 would not fall into the public domain until 1923 + 28 + 47 + 20 = 2018

There is a long time to wait

Much easier.! look for one of the estimated 85% who were not renewed!

Protection of books under copyright law can be very simple and swift. Plus, with so many online copyright files, it’s also become much more affordable than in the past

Tip 1 :. Make Sure Your Book is subject to Copyright

Before protect books under copyright law, you must first determine whether the duty falls under the category of copyright protection. In the case of books, it could fall under the “literary” because it is nondramatic text work express, numbers, or symbols and may or may not contain illustrations

Tip 2 :. Originality is necessary to Copyright Books

to be considered “original”, a book may not be directly copied from someone else. But that does not mean the book will not be based on someone else’s work or that it can not be a derivative work, both of these are permitted under copyright law.

To be original, the work will include some part of creation. In other words, if you were to create a list of recipes, order and types of recipes you have chosen requires originality, and therefore, would be protectable under copyright law. The actual listing of ingredients is not protected by copyright, although detailed expression methods, directions, tips and suggestions about the publication would be.

With respect to other audiences, the story line does not have to be original, but in fact the expression (the actual words and phrases) of the story must be yours and not copy. In other words, it could be a thousand books about safe methods Copyright (general issues); however, each one can own the copyright to a particular expression of his book

Tip 3 :. Protect Book making it tangible

Now that you can identify that you book qualifies for protection under copyright law, you have to put it in a form that allows for copyright protection. To qualify as literary works under copyright, the book will be put in solid form. To create a ‘solid’ of your book, you just have to write it down or save it on your hard drive. In other words, when you create a tangible form of work, it would be considered ‘fixed’ and thus protectable under copyright law,

Tip 4 :. Select Copyright registration for the Book

Once you have completed the steps described above, that your work will automatically protected under copyright law. However, it could be very difficult to prove that you are the original creators of the book if the violation occurs. As such, many authors prefer to file their books with copyright registry

Note :. US citizens can register their book with any copyright registry; However, if they want to take their claim to court, they must register with the US Copyright Office. This does not apply to non-US citizens. Having said that, most copyright infringement cases go to court, where the infringing party is willing to settle when they see the evidence provided from registration.

to select the copyright registry, simply type in ‘copyright protection’ in a search engine and you can choose among many that appear. Ensure the registry you do not have any hidden costs and will protect books for your copyright (50-70 years). Once registered, you can feel confident that you have the evidence required by the courts to prove ownership of the book if the violation occurs

Disclaimer :. The above information is intended as a general guide to further copyright knowledge and does not constitute legal advice. For questions about some of your work, you should consult a copyright lawyer in your country.

The War on Cyber ​​Terrorism

America is at war and the latest front of the war on cyber terrorism. The Internet and related network has been under attack from many sectors including hackers, disgruntled employees, financial fraud perpetrators, cyber criminals and now state sponsored cyber terrorists.

What started as a few annoying viruses, malware, Trojan horses and worms have now blossomed into aggressive attacks on our military and industrial components. US computer networks are under constant cyber attacks, direct attacks from remote locations using cells from hackers and criminal networks and by espionage from foreign countries.

President Barack Obama last year declared that the cyber threat is one of the nation’s most serious economic and national security.

Although there is rapid development in the field of prevention of cyber terrorism, this article makes the case for a major offensive strategy is required as well as a comprehensive preventive measures.

International Cyber ​​Terrorism

Recently, cyber attacks can be attributed to the totalitarian regimes that directly support and encourage or harbor cyber terrorists. Although the initial attacks from this area have been intermittent and scattered, the bases and the electrical grid have been penetrated. The threat to cause significant damage is ever present and growing. Preventive, while important, are not enough and Cyber ​​criminals have responded with an aggressive offensive attack.

The Strategy Must Have Offence

idea for the Prevention of Cyber ​​Terrorism is easier to understand the attack strategy for defensive attack point is easy to identify. Owners or operators of a particular site can indicate their own assets at risk.

An offensive strategy, however, specify the attacker and amorphous, cross-border nature of the Internet shields often attacker. Some attackers may include toxic plans for legitimate national installations computer. In cyberspace it is difficult to deliver an effective response if the attacker’s identity is not known.

In addition, there is no international agreement on the definition of use of force, in or out of cyberspace, and many analysts say uncertainty creates the potential for conflicts of nations.

Nevertheless, some analysts have pointed out that while police officers do not know the identity of the shooter to shoot back. In cyberspace, the US may be able to counter a threat, rebuff an electronic probe or disable a malicious network without knowing who is behind the attack.

Alexander answers reflect the murky nature of the Internet and the growing threat of cyber terrorism, which defies borders, operates at the speed of light and can provide Deep Cover for assailants who can launch disruptive attacks continents away, using networks of innocent computers .

The US should counter computer-based attacks swiftly and vigorously and act to thwart or disable a threat even when the identity attacker is unknown, and we have the technology needed to perform even see the offensive attacks.

Offensive Cyber ​​Warfare sent a powerful message to cyber criminals beyond reach US criminal laws and regulations and the rapid destruction of state sponsored criminal network had chilling effect on future criminal conduct. Abusive language must be used responsibly and proactively

Problems -. More definition is required

Just as there are many types of cyber crimes so that there should be different levels of offensive cyber warfare. Some hacking, but criminal in nature, is restricted to a small group of foreign critical locations and is subject to existing criminal laws.

The cyber war encompasses a variety of conditions. It is often used to refer to anything from financial crimes to computer hacks that could kill people by blowing up the pipeline. It was discovered last year that spies hacked into the US electric grid and left behind computer programs that would let them disrupt service.

The “war” metaphor is potentially problematic, because it could shift responsibility for cyber crime on national governments, as well as some private sector would like to see happen. Instead, experts agree that there should be a joint effort, particularly when it comes to attacks on control systems for critical infrastructure. And it is important that all efforts against cyber warfare is aggressive and dramatic measures.

The technology is available and our security requires immediate action.

Has your child ever been the victim of cyber bully? Would you even know if they had? Most parents would not know. Cyber ​​bullying is a completely new direction and most cases are never reported to the police. Surveys and polls are showing that incidents are increasing exponentially, and it is time for parents to sit up and take notice. One in ten young people state that they have had an embarrassing photo taken of them with cellphone and image was used to publicly humiliate and embarrass them. One in three young people report that they have been the recipient of threats or cyber negative messages by text, email or social networking websites. A cyber bully is usually an acquaintance or classmate, who, in response to real or imagined slight, tries to take their share of their wickedness in a smear campaign by the electronic media. The culprit will often enlist the help of other peers to “gang up” on the victim and flooded their text and email inbox with negative and even threatening messages. These messages can have lasting and harmful effects on the fragile psyche of young children. This type of bullying has been blamed for the rise in teen suicide in recent years.

Victims of evil behavior can become agitated, withdrawn, depressed and angry. If parents notice a change in the behavior of young people ‘, they should do their utmost to determine the cause. In previous years, failing grades and mood swings might have indicated drug use. Isolation and depression along with social changes may be signs of substance abuse, but can also be the impact of cyber bullying. There is a feeling of shame and embarrassment that goes with this kind of victims. Parents need to intervene in the first sign of blasphemy. Communication with the young about bullying in all its forms is important to put a stop to the problem. Reassure young man phone that they do not deserve to be treated this way, and that you will do everything you can to stop the problem and bring the cyber bully to justice. Help your teenager to take all necessary steps to get rid of him / herself of the presence of Cyber ​​Bully, they should bring this perpetrator of justice so it does not happen to anyone else. Show your child that you are on his side in this matter, and that cyber bullying is not tolerated.

Criminal law can be generally defined as the branch of law that majorly categories of crimes, entertainment by the nature of, and provides the best effective ways or methods that can be attached to their impunity. In recent times, it has emerged as one of the few areas that are attracting many young aspirants to make a career. In fact, in recent years, the percentage of pupils criminal law has increased rapidly. These days, many young lawyers involved in criminal law practice work an official agency of either the federal or local level or in the non-indigent defense work for solo or small private practices. Today it is considered among one of the main important parts of the legal system in the United States and offer rewards that are very exciting and better than any other profession. However, criminal sanctions are even some of the most important facts that are worth to be known.

Today if we talk about criminal law, it is very important to understand the exact meaning or classification of crimes. In short, the crime can be classified as a felony or misdemeanor, but there is little difference between a felony and a misdemeanor. The basic distinction between felonies and misdemeanors rests on the penalty and power of prison. Basically, a misdemeanor is defined as the fraction of a punishment other than prison or death in the state prison followed by law. Besides this, there are many people who often get confused with the term “level of crime”. Now the concept of the crime is primarily related to the distinctions blame for the crime because of circumstances its commission.

In the United States, the power to define crimes and set penalty generally depends on legislators from the United States, state and territory along with the main authority related to the individual states. In addition, a common-law crime is one punishable universal regulation, reporting crimes set by law. However, these days in many US jurisdictions, including those that included criminal law has been set on the basis of common law in relation to the criminal process.

procedure in criminal cases is substantially similar throughout the United States. If the offense is serious, the issue moved to the grand jury, which reduces judgment if there is enough evidence supporting the trial, or else it releases the charged convict. However, it is very surprising to find that in the United States, offenders proven guilty in a criminal offense may be liable to get life in prison, which can go up to 100 years. Moreover, the electric chair punishment and other severe criminal penalties have been changed in the US, many years back.

If we talk about criminal law in the Gulf countries, the picture is completely different. The law is very strict with regard to the enforcement of the sentence. Gulf countries are criminal laws majorly ruled by Islamic ethics or “Shariat” it is not subject to any changes. In the UK, the offense majorly considered a crime against the entire community. And also the state as well as different international organizations plays an important role in crime prevention and dealing with convicted offenders. Criminal laws vary around the world, the foundation of most of these laws are based on the prime rule to punish the culprits.

Nevertheless, today if we talk in terms of career options in the field of criminal law, there are many opportunities. Many students are working on a volunteer basis and gain experience externship. The area is a very broad one with a variety of options available in almost every sector of the industry, both private and public.