Prjónamunstur and copyright

[ad_1]

Knitting Patterns and copyright laws may not go together like needles and yarn, but they are far from water and oil as some believe as well. Many commercial knitting patterns are clearly marked with a copyright but specifies no limitations, restrictions or even legal consequences of what can or can not do with the finished products created from these patterns. Thus it is that there needs to be some explanation of the knitting pattern (or any arts and crafts patterns for that matter) and copyright law.

This information should be OK with all that has always believed that produce and distribute their own knitting patterns. It is equally important as well, however, if you’re going to be buying patterns and then create and sell knitted products. Copyright laws are pretty much been set in stone, but unfortunately, there is no provision for exactly what will be included in copyright provisions or copyright statement of specific items, website, pattern or anything else for that matter.

It is up to the individual to hide what should and should not be any and all restrictions and application of copyright. If you are using someone else’s knitting patterns, you may already be aware of the dissatisfaction caused when these restrictions and programs are not properly applied or even written. Maybe you’ve even tried to contact the author of the pattern to find out what you can and can not do with both pattern and knitted products you created. Maybe you expected or even just assumed that you knew what they meant when they wrote nothing more than “Copyright 2009” (or whatever year it was) at the bottom of this model that you love so much.

If you create knitting patterns for sales and distribution, by ticking pattern phone clearly not only the copyright information but also details of the user and the person who buys it can and can not do with knitting patterns and finished knitted products they have created. While you can win copyright battle in the (very expensive) copyright infringement lawsuit, you will not likely win many friends or very supportive customers suing everyone who uses knitting pattern phone for anything more than personal use.

If you are buying a knitting pattern from someone looking for information about copyright and see if it is well written and included and if not, to do their utmost to contact the knitting pattern creator and see what their intentions are. If they tell you to email or even instant messengers, file and save the conversation and that should cover you should any unforeseen circumstances arise. There are sometimes people who are successful that will sell knit company and the new owner may not know about copyright without knowing what rights have been granted and limited.

Knitting Patterns and copyrights are not going to be so important for you if you just sit at home knitting coasters for dining your table but seriously, how many people are going to learn how to knit and then keep all artistic knitting their creation to him? Knitting is and should be very popular last time, great hobby and a great opportunity for people to improve income knitting crafts. However, if you are creating a new knitting products or create knitting patterns for fun and profit, you have to be both aware of or clear of any copyright information you read or write about knitting work.

[ad_2]

Introducing Cyber-crime

[ad_1]

Computer Crime indicators crime involving a computer. The computer can be used to commit a crime or it may be targeted. Net-crime refers to the criminal use of the Internet. Cyber-crime is actually a combination of these two elements and can be best defined as “offenses committed against persons or groups of persons with criminal motive to intentionally damage the reputation of the victim or cause physical or psychological harm to the victim directly or indirectly by using modern telecommunication networks such as the Internet (chat, e-mail, take the boards and groups) and mobile (SMS / MMS). ” [1]

In the most simple way, the cyber-criminal activities can be defined as any illegal activity that uses your computer as a primary way of her work. The US Department of Justice widens this definition to include any illegal activity that uses a computer for storage of data. The term “Cyber-crime” can refer to offenses including crime against data, the fraction of material and copyright, fraud, unauthorized access, child pornography and cyber-stalking.

UN manual on the prevention and control of computer related Crime includes fraud, forgery and unauthorized access in the definition of cyber-crime. Cyber-crime in force covers a wide range of attacks on individuals and organizations alike. These crimes can range from emotional or financial position of the individual in the security of the nation.

There are two major categories that define the make-up of cyber-crimes. First, the target computer networks or devices such as viruses, malware, or denial of service attacks. The second category related crimes are easier computer networks or devices such as cyber-stalking, fraud, identity theft, extortion, phishing (spam) and theft of classified information.

To illustrate the extent of cyber-crime globally, the Norton Cyber-crime Report 2011 light 431 million adults in 24 countries have been victims of “cyber-crime that year. Computer based crime is increasing at an alarming rate. The report Norton calculated the financial costs of international cyber-crime at $ 388 billion. This is more than the combined global market for marijuana, heroin and cocaine, estimated at $ 288 billion. Based on the current growth of its ongoing , cyber-crime will soon bear all the world’s drug market is estimated to be worth $ 411 billion a year.

Cyber-crime has expanded to include activities across international borders and can now be considered a global epidemic . The international legal system ensures Cyber ​​criminals are held accountable in the International Criminal Court. Law enforcement agencies are faced with unique challenges and anonymity on the Internet complicates the only issue. There are problems with collecting data, the jurisdiction issues and miscommunication related reporting.

It is widely known that victims of Internet crimes are often reluctant to report crime to the authorities. In some cases, the person or organization may not even be aware a crime has been committed. Even if the facilities for reporting incidents of cyber-crime has improved in recent years, many victims remain reluctant due primarily to problems.

International cooperation is essential if an effective response is to find an international cyber-crime. No nation can expect to effectively fight the case alone. Many computer based crimes are initiated ‘Off-Shore’ and creates enormous challenges for some countries law enforcement agencies. It is important that organizations worldwide develop actionable strategies to identify, to pursue, arrest and prosecute cyber criminals.

For example, in the past two years, Australia has adopted the National Criminal Intelligence Fusion Capability, a key element of the Commonwealth Organised Crime Strategic Framework (COCSF). This body brings together the expertise, data and technology in various government and law enforcement agencies and makes international cooperation.

The problem of cyber-crime seems almost immeasurable size. Looking at recent trends and advances in mobile technology and cloud computing to realize it is continually evolving and ever-changing dynamic. There is mounting evidence of global newborn partnership between government and private sector aimed to prevent. These partnerships create opportunities to exchange information and strengthen the response of law enforcement organized Internet-based crime.

This exchange of information creates concerns in its self. It is very complex and sensitive issue. A balance must be found advantageous maximize the dissemination of information and protect it from organized cyber-criminal element.

Cyber-crime includes such broad scope of the crime business. The examples mentioned above are only a few of the thousands of varieties of illegal activity generally classified as cyber-crime. Computers and the Internet has improved our lives in many ways, unfortunately criminals now make use of this technology at the expense of society.

[1] Halder, D., & Jaishankar, K. (2011) Cyber ​​crime and harassment of women: Laws, rights and regulations. Hershey PA, USA: IGI Global. ISBN: 978-1-60960-830-9

[ad_2]

Need for Cyber ​​Law research on

[ad_1]

Cyber ​​law in education is an issue that is ripe for scientific research and analysis. The importance of this topic is growing exponentially with the meteoric rise of social networks and other online forums are becoming the main source of interaction between school aged students. One result of this “virtual” relationships is the blurring of lines jurisdiction for disciplinary responsibility. At what point do measures student outside the authority of school his or her? When a student uses school equipment in the school environment analysis is very clear, but the case law has created a continuum that defies objective definition of where the jurisdiction ends. Similarly, at any time a teacher or administrator actions leave power employer and be protected by their right to privacy? The question of jurisdiction should be addressed for meaningful process can be implemented to counter the damage that online actions can have on the school system.

The harms resulting from present students with Cyber ​​functions are marring the reputation of teachers and administrators, harassing other students and threaten the safety tests and other educational information. Similarly, teachers often cause damage with their own cyber operations using online forums inappropriately at the expense of the school or district. These actions can compromise the safety and ethics of their students and affect the integrity of the educational system itself. Still limitations of these measures runs the risk of violating the constitutional rights of free speech and privacy. Needless to say, it is a careful and ever-growing balance process needed in this field of law. And the decisions of our courts and enactments of our legislators will monitor and influence the teachers and educators law experts.

bullying laws that are springing up in local legislators provide excellent examples of the issues at stake in this field. It is an important responsibility for governments to protect children from this new form of harassment. At the same time, however, as well as the inevitable first amendment challenges, teachers need to have a voice with realistic limits on staff building level school in the implementation of the new law. These issues present a fascinating intersection of legal issues that will only become more relevant and topical in the coming decades.

Research and analysis will be important in normalizing policy in this area. Some statutory enactments and decisions will provide case law on this issue. However, these laws and decisions are not inseparable. Like any other field of law, they evolve and change over time. And these changing rules are all more prevalent in the field of law is in its infancy as this one. There are no long seminal court ruling on the subject, nor is any conventional wisdom with regard to the proper legal framework. Therefore, in this area more than any other I can think of within the education law, there is a need for academic research and publication to help plan and shape the development of legal development.

[ad_2]

What is Criminal Law?

[ad_1]

Crime is inexcusable violations that may have different. For example, insurrection, treason and espionage are crimes against the state as murder, rape, kidnapping and assault are crimes against the person. According to the Criminal Code, the government files always clothes as in the case of exclusive private files always followed.

Criminal law explains the offense and its components and punishment for offenders sentenced as an effective means of social control. The most important feature of the American criminal law is a provision for public punishment. Certain criminal law prescribe rules and regulations to monitor and maintain higher standards of conduct. For example, to assist police in the investigation when asked about it and report to the authorities immediately after the culprit is identified are examples of moral or ethical criminal law.

According to the US Constitution, there are certain crimes called strict liability crimes like drug abuse and weapons offenses where the act itself is sufficient to punish the offender. This imposes criminal liability without fail. In the US crimes as conspiracy, terrorism and sexual harassment is covered under the inchoate crime law in which all assist in the planning and execution of the crime with the same penalties as the person who actually commits a crime. The crime could be the result of a direct cause or legal cause or prior cause. The criminal law gives great emphasis on the concept of causation.

Everyone wants the criminal to be punished for the crime he has committed. The penalties must be such a criminal would not dare to repeat the offense he has committed.

[ad_2]

Criminal Law – Punishing people to protect the public

[ad_1]

Would not it be great to live in a world without crime? We all know that’s not possible. Crime pervades almost every aspect of our lives.

It is a real shame.

But is not it wonderful to know that if a crime is touching your life or the life of a loved one, there is such a thing called the criminal law to help you?

Criminal law has to do with crimes are prosecuted by public authorities. In the US, almost all processes to their crimes are set up by local, state or federal government.

If you or someone you know may participate in criminal proceedings, the prosecutor must prove that you, as a defendant, fully intended to act as you did. In contrast, civil law says you may be responsible for your actions, but you can not have meant what happened. A good example of this is a car accident. Therefore, the law makes you pay for the damages.

The goal of criminal law

Simply put, it is to prevent crime and / or to punishment for crimes already committed. There are a number of ways punishment is performed:

  • death penalty
  • Physical or corporal punishment
  • incarceration in prison or jail
  • house arrest
  • Parole and probation
  • fines
  • Community Services
  • Five penalty enforcement
  • Retribution
  • Deterrence
  • incapacitation
  • Rehabilitation
  • Restitution

It goes without saying, people who disobey the rules of their state or government should somehow suffer. None of us like it when we believe someone is guilty and they get away with it.

We, as humans, also do not like to take advantage of such law protects us from. Penalty puts badly on an equal footing and equal measure.

ultimate aim of punishment is deterrence. Which in simple terms means the punishment will hopefully discourage people from taking illegal direct action against each other. This is what every senator hopes to achieve.

But we all know that many people still make the wrong choice and breaking the law. Many times their own greed is the cause of the offense. When people persist in wrongdoing, they sometimes need to incapacity or “put away” somewhere in order to protect the people in general.

The form of punishment known as rehabilitation is a good way to instill the ability to make better choices without dire consequences. It also helps to return offenders to the community.

It hopes to help them see what they did was wrong and why, and how to avoid doing it again.

Restitution is a great way to mend broken bridges between the offender and the offended. It’s goal is to rectify, with perhaps a monetary way, the loss to the victim.

I’m sure you can see how important criminal law in our society today. Unfortunately, it is a necessary part of life -. One that we would not want to do without

[ad_2]

Corporate Fraud; We need more regulation to make more criminals!

[ad_1]

Not long ago Harvard Law professor who admitted on Sean Hanity Show said he was indeed a liberal and the team was out of the way first question. The Harvard Law professor says Corporate Fraud was out of control and we need more regulation in the US to prevent it.

I thought it was ironic as much of Corporate Fraud comes from Harvard University and they are able to get away with it because Harvard Lawyers they hire, who often have worked in government themselves or offered to committees regulators ; incestuous revolving door.

Of course, now there are so many rules for companies to prevent new innovations coming to market and make it more enticing for companies to Off-Shore or the source of the seas. This is not helping America. In addition, every time we make a new rule or regulation to create also more common criminals.

The employee discussion is definitely wrong in their comments and we have to be so careful not to intervene unless absolutely necessary, we must resist. As Alan Greenspan recently told the US Senate when discussing regulations and regulations on independent brokers in connection with the SEC,

“The problem of the rules is that when you make one, it has life and the temptation to do otherwise the country first there is too great and on and on it goes “

I would propose a” red Magic Marker “committee to go through the health care industry regs. The increase oversight of immigration and malpractice lawyers. Thinking out loud here.

I certainly hope this article is of interest and that is has propelled thought. The goal is simple; to help you in your quest to be the best in 2007. I thank you for reading my many articles on diverse subjects, which interest you.

[ad_2]

Choice of business entity -? S Corporation or LLC

[ad_1]

As a lawyer concentrating in agency business, I take a key role advising business clients my appropriate unit to form. Most of my clients approached me when armed with the knowledge that organized entity will generally protect them from personal liability for the acts or omissions of the company. However, the relationship between several owners, taxation issues and the treatment of assets just some of the factors that dictate the choice of the party is truly relevant to your business. By and large, there is no uniform “right” choice. A careful review of information, plans and objectives of each company must take place before the proper party is selected.

Companies and Limited Liability Companies (LLC’s) are the most commonly used units. Since most SMEs are better organized as either a company or LLC, this article presents some basic similarities and differences between the parties. I have tried to give an overview of these key elements below. But keep in mind that the information below, by itself, will not allow you to make the right, informed choices at parties. This should always be coordinated with the assistance of a lawyer and an accountant.

C corporation

Most large companies are C business. All publicly traded companies are C business. The “C” designation comes from Section C of the Internal Revenue Code, applicable corporate taxes. There are various reasons for C corporations are more appropriately suited to large companies. Many categories of stock, unlimited numbers and types of shareholders, financial vs. calendar tax year and retention of corporate profits are just a few of the major differences of the C corporation. Generally, this structure is desirable for companies seeking to raise capital publicly or different categories of investors.

Most importantly C companies subject to taxation. This means that all income of C corporations are taxed once at the corporate level, then these same income is taxed again at the shareholder level when profits are distributed through dividends. In my C companies, double tax can sometimes be avoided by excluding net income each year by making payments to shareholders-workers. Shareholders shall report any dividend income as capital gains on personal profitability.

A corporation starts the C corporation for tax purposes. All businesses are automatically recognized as C companies, except elect “S” corporation tax treatment of shareholders, which is discussed below. Taxable income of C Company (after deductions for wages, business expenses and depreciation of furniture and equipment) is taxable to the company itself. The C corporation would only be taxed on income “effectively connected with a United States”, which begins on the corporate tax rate of 15% for the first $ 50,000 of corporate taxable income each year.

If a company is classified as a “personal services business” (PSC), which pays 35% flat rate of one dollar of net profit. This is generally undesirable entity type. PSCs are C company shareholders have engaged in the performance of personal services in the field of accounting, actuarial science, architecture, consulting, engineering, health and veterinary, legal, and performing arts. The lowest 15% tax rate is only available in a limited liability company performance personal care if the person is not employed by the company at least 6% of the issued stock corporation. Otherwise, the top personal tax rate would apply to taxable income of service in the company. A PSC is a C corporation by definition. So timely made S-elections, as discussed below, would negate the classification of business that PSC and avoid the 35% flat tax rate.

There are some unique tax advantages gained by the use of C corporation. Some of the main advantages of the real small businesses are able to reduce all premiums paid health insurance for owners who are on the job, with the spouse and dependents. In addition, a C corporation can accept Merpins (medical, dental and Drug costs Repayment Plan) when the fiscal year, which can make effective retroactive to the beginning of the fiscal year can buy disability insurance for one or more managers or other employees. AC company can also reduce premiums from disability insurance without cost be taxable in the executive or employee. Finally, C companies can reduce contributions to qualified retirement plans.

In terms of ownership, shareholders have limited liability under the stock (or part) of the corporation. Companies give stock certificates to shareholders to show ownership percentage in the company. C company may have different classes of stock, such as common and preferred stock, offering different distribution and voting rights of shareholders. Shares may be freely transferred or redeemed without company. Under Illinois law, like all other states, shareholders companies usually enjoy a complete liability shield from the acts or omissions of the company itself. Shareholders elect a board, which then manage the business and affairs of the corporation. Illinois require the president, secretary and treasurer be appointed as officers of the corporation, if the company sole-shareholder is allowed.

approved organization Governing the document. The approved control business and issues corporations (both C and S companies) and specify mattes such as the number and powers and duties of the board, voting shareholder rights, liquidation of a company, the annual and special meetings and other business rules. Typically relationship apply owners (shareholders) in a small or closely kept company is controlled by the stock purchase or stock limitation agreement or similar document. This device can provide for shareholders, purchase and sale of rights, restrictions on the sale or transfer of shares and company stock options, among other issues. In all jurisdictions, companies must have a set of statutes that apply to the company or companies will be subject to default provisions set forth under state law.

Keep in mind, the relationship between the owners (shareholders) of the company can also be controlled by a separate instrument, such as a stock purchase agreement, or restriction of shares, shareholders agreement or similar document. This document regulates usually share transfer and the purchase of additional stock and the Company and / or shareholders’ stock options.

C companies are best for active companies with similar evaluation and the strong possibility of offering shares publicly. C companies generally keep their income in the early stages of growth and not distribute corporate earnings to shareholders in an effort to appreciate.

S corporation

AN S Company is, just like a C corporation. Shareholders benefit from the same general shield from personal liability for the acts or omissions of the companies.

The main difference lies in the tax treatment of S corporations. As stated, the C company subject to taxation at the corporate level and shareholders are then subject to taxation in the same stream of income when distributed in the form of dividends. By contrast, the S companies to avoid double taxation where only individual shareholders are taxed. S corporation status is achieved by electing such tax treatment institution (IRS Form 2553). Profit or loss on costs for S companies, including staff remuneration and shareholder-employees, is reported on the federal Form 1120S and “went through” the personal shareholder return through the Schedule K-1, where it is subject only to ordinary income taxes . In addition, pass-through losses limited basis taxpayer in the stock of S corporations.

All salaries are subject to self-employment (payroll) taxes. S companies must pay fair compensation to the employee shareholders in return for services as an employee provides the company with no salary before distribution can be the shareholder-employee. The S corporation pays the employer’s share of Fica taxes (7.65%), and the employee pays the sharing Fica taxes (also 7.65%). Between S Corporation and its shareholders, wages are under about a combined 15.3% of the payroll, as well as the income tax rate of the shareholder concerned. So all things considered, a shareholder employee should only pay minimum wage to their homes to reduce the amount of taxes paid on companies’ profits in. IRS rules require that the fair wages shall be paid to shareholders and employees (failure to do so is considered by many to call conducted an internal audit). But, all other revenues avoid self-employment taxes and can either ordinary income or capital gains. This means that payroll taxes would have to pay fair wages (salary) Employee-shareholders only by, and not the distribution of S Corporation.

When you have to pay wages? According to the IRS, fair compensation is determined by a shareholder employee did for S corporation. The IRS will look at the source of the gross receipts of S Corporation: 1) shareholders 2) service staff outside shareholders, or 3) capital equipment. If the gross receipts and profits come from items 2 and 3, it does not need compensation to be paid to shareholders worker. However, if most of the gross receipts and profits are associated with the shareholders personally service, then most of the profit distribution shall be allocated as compensation. (Of course, you should ask your accountant for details).

Even if the income is not distributed to shareholders and left as operating capital, it will still be taxable to individual shareholders. This is because all income through to shareholders automatically. Shareholders in a C corporation are only liable for taxes on the dividends they receive actually (but undistributed income of the company is not subject to self-employment tax).

Some Disadvantages S election situation are deductions for health insurance, disability insurance, automobile, and medical drugs and dental plan reimbursement would be taxable to S corporation shareholders are paid.

Among other major differences, the S company less flexible than C corporations and LLC’s. Only a limited number of shareholders, usually only individuals, and no foreign shareholders are allowed. In this sense, the S companies usually more suitable for small and well cared for companies that do not seek to raise large amounts of capital publication. As with C company, shareholders are limited liability company as their stock in the company. However, only one category of stock with respect to distribution, unlike the C corporation.

S corporations are generally suitable for active companies with low debt, no assets of high risk and low risk of a significant increase from All business income are usually distributed to shareholders.

Limited Liability Company (LLC)

An LLC, or corporation, offers the same personal liability shield each of the owners of business offers . However, it provides significant flexibility in terms of the treatment of capital contributions and the allocation of profits and losses to their owners. Specifically, the LLC can distribute profits in a way its members see fit. For example, assume that you and your partner are in the LLC that you contributed $ 80,000 in capital and your partner contributed only $ 20,000. If your partner carries 80% of the work, the owners could still decide to divide the profits 50/50. However, if you and your partner shareholders in S company, you would be required to distribute 80% to you and 20% partner with the law. This can be an unfair way to structure your business if you have any partners.

The LLC is taxed as a partnership, which gains and losses are “through” to its members and there is no entity level tax. The LLC avoiding double taxation, then just as S corporations. (Again, some countries imposes taxes on income LLC is). The LLC income is reported on Form 1065 and then distributed to the owners of Schedule K-1. The owners then report this income on their individual returns (1040) on schedule E. If the LLC has only one owner, the IRS automatically treat the LLC as if it were a private company (a “account creation”). A no entity does not file a tax return and the owner reports revenue through program C individual return him or her. If the LLC has multiple owners, the IRS automatically treat the LLC as if it were in operation. However, LLC is known as “check the box” party, which means that it may elect to be taxed as a corporation or partnership.

terms self-employment tax , there is a lot of confusion when it comes to LLC members. Generally, the difference whether you are treated as a general partner in comparison with the limited partner is important to determine the self-employment tax liability where the LLC is taxed as a partnership. If a member of the LLC is considered limited partner, there is no self-employment tax of members of the LLC income (except for any “guaranteed payments”). If a party is considered the general partner, he or she must pay self-employment tax on all income LLC. However, according to 1997 IRS Proposed Regulations Treasury Section 1.1402 (a) -2, if the LLC member is personally liable for the debt, is authorized to bind the LLC Agreement or to provide more than 500 hours per year to the LLC, party will be taxed as a general partner and will be self-employed tax obligations in their LLC revenue allocation. Otherwise, the member will be taxed as a limited partner and will not have the self-employment tax obligations on their allocations LLC revenue.

It is also possible that the LLC will be two categories of interests, one of which is considered public partnership and one that is treated as a limited partner interest. If a partner or member of the owner of the interests of both categories, the member will be able to allocate their income allocation between the two categories and will have to pay self-employment taxes on the general partner shares, but not the limited partner shares. 1997 proposed regulations have never been officially approved by the IRS, but they have been relied on by many experts and taxpayers. Also, IRS representatives now that they can rely on.

All profits and losses distributed to the members of any “reward” (generally including any insurance payments) paid to them are considered self-employment income and are subject to self-employment tax. Owners LLC are considered to be self-employed and have to pay self-employment tax equal 15.3%. Remember, the S corporation, only wages and not allocation to employees shareholders, subject to employment taxes. Thus, S Corporation provides significant savings employment tax to its shareholders in contrast to the LLC.

LLCs provide limited liability protection in most cases if properly and maintained, but usually few or no tax benefit private or generally have to. One important benefit of the company, LLC which is the ability of the parties to limit the transfer of the membership interest in moving economic growth alone. This means future members can be limited to receiving the allocation (and pay taxes on the distributions) but without the accompanying voting or management rights. When a shareholder corporation transferred its shares, all qualities ownership including voting rights accompanying transfers unless the stock is not voting stock.

Owners LLC are called members and each Member State is not the percentage of the LLC by virtue of participating shares. Similar to C Company, LLC can create different classes of membership interests. Members can be companies and other LLCs, providing ultimate flexibility in the ownership of this person. An LLC is generally controlled member, where the business and affairs of the LLC is managed by the members themselves, or can be a manager managed LLC if either member executive or non-executive director appointed instead. Most small business LLCs are usually controlled member. Illinois allows single-member LLCs, as most if not all other states. Illinois also allows professional service providers, such as lawyers and doctors, for example, LLC to conduct their business, unlike many other countries.

Operating Agreement governing document LLC. It is similar to corporate approval and supervision basically the same factors. However, most jurisdictions specify the content that needs to be included in the statutes and operation contracts and there are of course different provisions. Also, the relationship between the members of the LLC stated in the operation of the agreement, the companies typically use a special device to certain rights of shareholders, such as transfers of stock and company buy-out rights.

residential investment companies that own other assets commonly expose their owners risk of liability are usually right for LLC’s. Of course, if you have one or more partners and want to be flexible with how the company distributes profits (and losses) to the owners, the LLC is probably the best choice.

[ad_2]

How to Copyright – Common Law and laws compared

[ad_1]

It is widely misunderstood that one must register the copyright with the Copyright Office to ensure copyright. While gaining registration does indeed have its advantages, registration in the Copyright Office is not necessary to secure the rights. Instead, under common law, copyright is created automatically when it is fixed in a tangible form for the first time. As long as it is an original work of authorship, can claim ownership and protection, and even put a copyright notice, including “small c with a circle” symbol, the particular work. However, notification is not required anymore, one should desire to use it, it is important to follow the custom of using the © symbol followed by the year of first publication of the work followed by the copyright owner and work.

While creating and maintaining a common copyright protection is beneficial Copyright Act, a federal law, provides additional benefits and protection of the rights owner. The most commonly recognized rights are to be able to sue in federal court, the ability to recover statutory damages up to $ 150,000.00 for willful infringement, and the ability to recover attorney fees. However, in order to get these benefits, copyright must be registered with the Copyright Office of the Library of Congress. Although the time of the application for registration affect statutory damages are available, will receive registration or be denied registration to proceed with infringement lawsuit in federal court. The relatively low price, it is advisable to seek a listing of all original works of authorship at the time of, or before, the publication of the work. In addition, to create a public record of the work required, to establish a prima Fell evidence of the validity and other benefits make registration well worth the cost. With the ability to use online filing, there is no excuse for the failure to register the copyright for any kind of work, including literary works, musical works, dramatic works, pantomimes and choreographic works, pictorial graphics and sculptures, films and other audio -Visual work , sound recorders and architecture.

Ultimately, people will remember that as soon as an original work of authorship fixed in a tangible form and published, copyright exists. However, under the law, and practically speaking, having a copyright registration with the Copyright Office will provide additional benefits and advantages if needed to enforce it coming.

[ad_2]

Bad effects of Cyber ​​Crimes

[ad_1]

A criminal defense attorney in California focuses on the topic of cyber crimes. What exactly is this? Can law enforcement specialists find criminals on the Internet? How can you develop a framework for children to learn what cyber crimes are? The following information will help introduce you underhanded and unlawful online behavior. Online activities are simply as susceptible to crime and can endanger personal safety as effectively as common daily crimes. Lawmakers, law enforcement, and people need to know how to protect themselves and the subjects they are responsible. You can see explanations of various cyber crimes below that the crimes have been before computer systems and the internet were offered to the public. The only difference lies in the resources used to make a crime.

The term “cyber crime” is actually wrongly used name. This concept has never been described in any law / Act passed or ratified by the Indian Parliament. The concept of cyber crime is not radically evident from the idea of ​​standard crime. Two of conduct whether or not the act or omission, resulting in violation of the rules of law and a counterweight to state sanctions. While Cyber ​​crime is a new variant of the crime which came soon after the arrival of computers and the situation has become worse with all the affected network day to day life. Numerous crimes ranging from identity theft to extortion can be done with a computer. For every real-world crime, it is cyber-based counterpart. Inside the cyber world, extortion lends itself well to those criminals who know how to perpetrate destructive actions regarding computer systems.

as conventional crime, cybercrime can take many forms and can take place almost anytime or anyplace. Criminals carrying out cybercrime use several methods, depending on the skill set and their goal. This should not be surprising: cybercrime is, of course, simply “crime” some kind of “computer” or “cyber” aspect. Symantec draws from the many explanations of cybercrime and specifies it briefly as any crime that is committed using a computer or network, or hardware device. The computer or device may be the agent of the crime, the facilitator the criminal offense, or the target of the crime. The crime may take place on the computer alone or in combination with other areas.

A criminal defense attorney in California says that along with the increasing use of computers, cyber crime is becoming more and more dominant in the world today. Various types of cyber crimes that can be found on the Internet would be the following. Junk e-mail, or send out unwanted junk e-mail for business, which is illegal. Fresh anti-spam laws and regulations are passed in various countries that may hopefully restrict the use of unsolicited communications. Harassment of the computer is actually a crime in several States. It is unique from stalking in that stalking typically requires several contacts, but harassment of the computer can be a solitary incident. It is also totally different from regular harassment, because the criminal usually covers a range of crimes will not be considered harassment if carried out personally.

[ad_2]

Cyber ​​Law of Internet

[ad_1]

With all the information exchanged on the Internet that makes it an easy target for the crimes committed. You are exchanging personal information every time you shop or join social networks. Strangers are constantly trying to access the personal information of others so it can be used in other ways.

Since the internet is drawing in more people daily use, it is also drawing in crime. Crimes of the Internet are going daily. There are many different types of crimes that are made for different reasons. Some crimes like hacking is done so that a person can have bragging rights. Other crimes are carried out in order to get a person personal information so it can be resold on the black market.

Let’s take it a step further so that you will understand the different types of Internet crimes. There are computer intrusions which means bots, worms, viruses, spyware, malware and hacking. Computer intrusions have been known to take down a complete system in many different organizations. Sometimes it is another organization knocking out competition for a while. Other times it is someone will brag that they hacked into a major system and interfered with it and made the system crash.

child pornography is growing at a rapid place on the internet. With child pornography are more pedophiles are showing up on the internet. The pedophiles are trying to lure children into meeting them. If a child is going to be on the internet and it is always best to take precautions and limit where they can and can not go. This will help to keep them safe from lurking criminals.

These are just some of the Internet crimes committed around the clock. There are laws in place to deal with internet crimes. These crimes are dealt with as a crime was not committed on the internet. It will be a steep fines and even jail time if people are caught doing any kind of crime on the Internet.

A thing to remember is that you have to have criminal records if they are charged with the Internet crime. Criminal records follow a person around for the rest of their lives and can make it difficult to do certain things. People have many reasons to look at individual items of curiosity jobs. The records are easy to view online any time of day or night. You just need to know where to go to search criminal records and they can see every crime he has ever done.

Next time you are online and think about doing something to another person, you better think twice. Just because people can not see you or do not know who you are does not mean that they can not follow you. All the Internet can be traced one way or another. A crime will be dealt with even if it was committed on the internet. There might be steep fines and even jail time mandatory. It just depends what you are charged with.

[ad_2]